Category Archives: ► Community-Based Water Monitoring

GWW Mexico on World Water Day

by: Miriam Guadalupe Ramos Escobedo, GWW Mexico Director

It has been a long time since 2005, when GWW Program Director William Deutsch gave us an illusion. It sounded so clear, so logical that it seemed to be a sure road, but his words should have also been a warning with what he said.

¨The good thing of starting GWW México from scratch is that nothing has been done, so you can make it whatever you dream; the bad thing is that NOTHING has been done¨.

Well, after 18 years of trying to spread community-based, science-based water-monitoring (CBWM) in México, I am not sure if we had a dream. We thought it was important for sure, we thought it was needed.

Bill Deutsch conversing with the author  during a 2006 water monitoring training session at the Pixquiac River.
Bill Deutsch conversing with the author during a 2006 water monitoring training session at the Pixquiac River.

That is how we began our CBWM journey in the Mexican state of Veracruz. Trying to learn all the work from the actual water monitoring, to the work behind the scenes. What is done before and after the workshops, the follow up, seeking for funds, engaging people, linking with groups, etc. In addition, something more important, trying to persuade the authorities that this participatory monitoring is a valuable tool in the strategy to ensure healthy water, healthy streams, rivers, lakes and beaches.

The GWW Mexico journey has been a long one considering that our conditions in Mexico are quite different from the conditions in Alabama, therefore our groups usually do not survive without a funded project that can provide the resources to sustain the monitoring. Many people in Mexico are new to the culture of volunteering, mostly in such a systematic way as needed for long term water monitoring. In addition, some people want to see fast results, after 3 to 6 months if nothing has changed they start to lose interest.

Nevertheless, there is still a great need for information on water, and somehow, we keep going.

We have found people that just want to know if their water is safe, or why they get rashes when they take a shower. Other people want to have data to make a statement with the government. And a few others want to know why they cannot find wildlife there anymore, animals and plants that used to populate their streams.

Each group is a story and a journey, each group represents a different challenge. But even if most of our groups cannot last long term, they go thru a process that helps them see their water resources and freshwater ecosystems with a different perspective. So this week, the week of World Water Day, several thing are going on with our friends.

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In our beloved state of Veracruz the first GWW water monitoring group that was established in Mexico, the Amigos del Pixquiac, is still quite active. They collaborate with the organization Vecinos del Pixquiac Zoncuantla and have been pursuing a bureaucratic procedure that has no precedent in Mexico. After almost six years of conversations, they finally are obtaining their Pixquiac River riparian zone officially delimited in collaboration with CONAGUA, the national water authority.

GWW, AP, CONAGUA
Amigos del Pixquiac conducting water testing along representatives from CONAGUA and GWW Mexico during World Water Day 2023 at the Pixquiac River, as part of the comparison of citizen monitoring techniques with the national authority methods and be recognized officially as first alert.

Something else is also happening about 700 km west of Veracruz, on the banks of the southern part of the Pátzcuaro Lake, in the city of Huecorio in the state of Michoacán. There, members of the group CECyTEM are presenting the results of their GWW community-based water monitoring to the Asamblea Purépecha. The Purépecha are one of the many ethnic groups in México, and they subsist greatly from fishing as they mainly live around the Pátzcuaro and Cuitzeo lakes.

CECyTEM students conducting bacteriological monitoring at a spring.
CECyTEM students conducting bacteriological monitoring at a spring in Michoacán.
Michoacan
CECyTEM students conducting water chemistry monitoring and biomonitoring in Michoacán.

South of Mexico City, in the state of Morelos, GWW monitors in Cuautla are also presenting their results from water quality and biodiversity at the Fifth Festival of the Río Cuautla. This group actually found an endangered fish while conducting their water monitoring this month!

Morelosa
Notification of the finding of an endangered fish specie during a stream biomonitoring in Morelos, Mexico.

Getting back to our state of Veracruz, in the city of Naolinco, the GWW group is summarizing water-monitoring data gathered from 2007 to 2021 with the participation of the community. The community also collaborated in the mitigation of wastewater pollution with the construction of an artificial wetland to direct and treat their sewage instead of discharging it directly into the streams.

Naolincoa
E. coli monitoring locations along the Naolinco River watershed.

GWW Mexico collaboration and accomplishments go beyond Veracruz and all of Mexico. Conversations for more than a year with the Fundación Manzana Verde, a group in the Biobío region in Chile, led to a visit last year from them to Veracruz. During their visit, they learn from the GWW Mexican experience, meeting local monitors, observing and practicing water monitoring. After returning to Chile, a big Chilean group got certified as GWW water monitors in September 2022 and started monitoring. Recently we have heard that they are in conversations with the regional government to receive funding and have the opportunity to expand and consolidate the CBWM over there.

So, it has been a long journey, full of bumps, falls, lots of work and with a blurry road ahead sometimes.  However, after 18 years, we can celebrate our accomplishments. The GWW Mexico database holds almost 14,000 water monitoring data records: 5,487 bacteriological records, 6,549 water chemistry records, 257 biomonitoring records, 868 stream flow records and 801 total suspended solids records. In addition, this World Water Day, we added a new feature in our water data webpage to reflect the energy of the people that want to get things moving related to water: a button to show data obtained by punctual sampling, not necessarily systematic monitoring, because we are in so much need of information that every drop counts!

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Online access to the GWW Mexico community-based water monitoring data.

Visit us at http://gww-mexico.org/

HAPPY WORLD WATER DAY!!!

Happy 2020 Volunteers!


Happy 2020
A VERY HAPPY AND PROSPEROUS 2020 GLOBAL WATER WATCHERS!

Looking back at 2019… 
it was a very busy yet an extraordinary year for GWW. Intense journeys were accomplished in Argentina, Costa Rica, Mexico and the US to spread the word about watershed stewardship. Thanks for your participation and support to GWW, hundreds of people were introduced and encouraged to take a personal and holistic approach to watershed stewardship and monitoring. All with the goal of an improved quality of life and a sustainable future for our planet, where upcoming generations share water and natural resources with sustainability and equability. We look forward to keep collaborating with you and celebrate another year of success and partnership in 2020.
The GWW Team.

Here are some highlights from 2019… GWW Mexico continues strongly expanding citizen-based water monitoring across the country. A large long term project funded by the World Bank was successfully completed. New projects will allow for GWW-Mexico to continue their water monitoring activities. A new training center in Costa Rica has opened up a great opportunity for international partners to attend GWW certifications, as traveling to that country is easier compared to traveling to the US. GWW training was conducted there with participants from Costa Rica, Honduras, and Guatemala. GWW activities in the Argentinian Patagonia continue with such success that has attracted the attention of residents in the Chilean side of Patagonia. Close to the GWW home, a new 3-year project was awarded to expand GWW activities to the State of Mississippi. GWW in the State of Washington also had a very strong 2019 with the collection of hundreds of water monitoring records. Maintaining and updating the GWW online databases in the GWW website water data portals was again one of our major challenges as web development software develops and GWW has to keep up with this critical feature of citizen monitoring.  Visit the GWW website to explore water data from the different country partners and please send us any feedback about your experience!
Your active and dedicated participation with GWW has made all of this possible.We look forward to continuing this rewarding journey with all our network friends in 2020.
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A mediados de enero, se promovió un muestreo relámpago de contaminación fecal que cubrió principalmente cuerpos de agua de la cuenca alta del Río La Antigua y la zona Metropolitana de Xalapa, la cual abarca una pequeña porción de la cuenca del río Actopan. Se incluyeron los municipios de Quimixtlán, Ixhuatlán de los Reyes, Xico, San Andrés Tlalnehuayocan, Banderilla, Xalapa, Emiliano Zapata, Coatepec, Teocelo, Cosautlán, Jalcomulco, Puente Nacional y Paso de Ovejas.

Se muestrearon 115 sitios en 61 cuerpos de agua; principalmente arroyos y ríos, pero también se monitorearon lagunas y lagos, cuerpos de agua en parques urbanos, pozos y manantiales. En este trabajo participaron 59 monitores voluntarios provenientes de organizaciones de la sociedad civil, grupos de monitores de GWW México, instituciones académicas, escuelas preparatorias y ciudadanos independientes.

De acuerdo con los resultados obtenidos y atendiendo los estándares de la Organización Mundial de la Salud,

  • El 17% de los sitios muestreados es apto para consumo humano, ya que no se detectaron coliformes fecales.
  • El 32% es seguro para contacto humano,
  • En un 12% entrar en contacto con su agua puede ser riesgoso y,
  • en un 57% el contacto o inmersión representa un riesgo para la salud.
  • En el 56% de estos sitios el nivel de contaminación superó los 1000 coliformes fecales en 100 mililitros, lo que significa que el agua no puede ser potabilizada.

Aquí los

RESULTADOS

 

“Monitoreo Relámpago (Blitz) de contaminación fecal en la cuenca Alta de la Antigua”

El pasado 13 y 14 de enero se realizó un Blitz en la cuenca alta de la Antigua con la participación de 59 monitores que cubrieron 113 sitios en 14 municipios. Más del 50% de estos sitios se encontraron en la Zona Metropolitana de Xalapa y la mayoría en ríos aunque también se muestrearon fuentes de abastecimiento (manantiales y tomas y cajas de agua). La finalidad fue hacer una prospección del estado de contaminación fecal de los cuerpos de agua para poner el tema en la agenda pública de las administraciones municipales entrantes. Un interés fuerte de los participantes fue visibilizar el impacto de las zonas urbanas sobre los ríos. En diciembre de 2017, GWW-México convocó a organizaciones de la sociedad civil y grupos de monitores para participar en el Blitz, buscando éstos definieran sitios de su interés tomando como referente territorial la cuenca alta de la Antigua. Dado el interés de los participantes y la fuerte presión ambiental que ejerce la Zona Metropolitana de Xalapa, se incluyeron sitios de subcuencas del Actopan y aguas abajo hasta Paso Mariano y Paso de Ovejas (Figura 1).

 

Figura 1. Participación de monitores voluntarios durante el Blitz, desde la planeación hasta la colecta y procesamiento de muestras.

Un 32% de los sitios analizados son seguros para contacto humano (recreativo), de hecho en la mitad de ellos no se detectó contaminación fecal, esto sucedió principalmente en afluentes aguas arriba o alejados de asentamientos humanos, en fuentes de abastecimiento como manantiales, pozos y cajas de agua. En un 12% de los sitios muestreados se detectó un nivel de coliformes fecales para el que la Organización Mundial de la Salud (OMS) recomienda poco contacto humano; el resto de los sitios (54%) se considera peligroso por su nivel de contaminación fecal (Figura 2).

Algunos de los sitios muy contaminados están en arroyos en los que se vierten los drenajes de comunidades rurales, entre los que destacan los sitios localizados un poco aguas abajo de la toma de agua para Xalapa ubicada en Quimixtlán; aunque la mayor parte de estos sitios, empiezan a aparecer en los ríos y arroyos que pasan cerca o cruzan las ciudades de Xalapa y Coatepec. Su situación empeora conforme avanzan en estás urbes y se prolonga aguas abajo de las mismas. Los ríos con una contaminación más acuciada se encuentran en Xalapa, se une a este grupo el río Pintores de Coatepec. En contraste, hay manantiales dentro de las zonas urbanas con excelente calidad del agua. Dentro de la Zona Conurbada, el río Pixquiac se mantiene en buenas condiciones hasta que llega a Mariano Escobedo, de ahí en adelante sufre un franco deterioro.

Este boletín es una primera aproximación a los datos y evidencia el impacto negativo de las comunidades y las urbes, pero también la presencia de manantiales dentro de las ciudades que se han conservado. Es necesario que después de esta primera fase de trabajo se realicen una o varias reuniones con los monitores para terminar de validar los datos.

Figura 2. Resultados del monitoreo de contaminación fecal. Las categorías recomendadas por la OMS están en UFC de E.coli/100mL. 0 es apta para consumo, <200 apto para contacto humano, de 201 a 600 se recomienda poco contacto humano, >600 es peligroso. Un cuerpo de agua con más de 1000 UFC de E.coli/100mL no es apto para potabilizarse.

Los datos duros obtenidos verse en el siguiente enlace: https://www.google.com/maps/d/u/0/viewer?mid=1R_UII8ZgzUeySZF0AA_AAaPMd1Qk2mkR&ll=19.448258068877806%2C-96.88352178906246&z=9.

Para tener una visión más completa de la situación de los ríos en la cuenca Alta de la Antigua -Zona Metropolitana de Xalapa y vincular a sus habitantes, en el futuro se requerirá un esfuerzo extra para interesar a habitantes de las zonas rurales e incrementar sitios en las mismas. En este sentido, esta experiencia de monitoreo masivo se apoyó en capacidades que GWW México ha construido en la zona y sirvió como primer paso para vincular a grupos de ciudadanos voluntarios y OSCs dentro de varias subcuencas que comparten la misma problemática. Algunos de estos ciudadanos y grupos están involucrados con C6, colaboran con GWW México o con la Coalición de organizaciones de la Biorregión Jamapa-Antigua, de la cual GWW México forma parte.

 

HAPPY 2017 GLOBAL WATER WATCHERS!

Looking back at 2016… 


2016 was a very busy yet an extraordinary year for GWW. Intense journeys were accomplished in the USA, Bolivia, Kenya and Mexico to spread the word about watershed stewardship. Thanks for your participation and support to GWW, hundreds of people were introduced and encouraged to take a personal and holistic approach to watershed stewardship and monitoring for an improved quality of life and a sustainable future for our planet, where water is used and shared sustainably and equitably.

We look forward to keep collaborating with you and celebrate another year of success and partnership in 2017.

The GWW Team.

Here are some highlights from 2016… 

GWW Mexico continues strongly expanding citizen-based water monitoring across the country. Monitors from many states had a two-day gathering in Coatepec, Veracruz to celebrate Ten Years of GWW in Mexico. Guided discussions were conducted as they shared experiences and challenges while trying to solve local water problems.The launch of the GWW online databases in the GWW website water data portals was one of our major accomplishments bringing back this critical feature of citizen monitoring.  Visit the GWW website to explore water data from the different country partners and please send us any feedback about your experience!

Your active and dedicated participation with GWW has made all of this possible.We look forward to continuing this rewarding journey with all our network friends in 2017.

Talleres de biomonitoreo en Veracruz

En el mes de Agosto se impartieron una serie de talleres del módulo de Biomonitoreo, dirigidos a organizaciones ubicadas en tres cuencas de Veracruz: Jamapa, Antigua y Huazuntlán, asociadas al proyecto C6. Este módulo se imparte para formar monitores comunitarios en las áreas donde las organizaciones tiene actividades que se relacionan directa o indirectamente con agua.
El módulo de biomonitoreo se basa en el estudio de invertebrados acuáticos, cuya presencia, ausencia, distribución y cantidad nos ayudan a conocer el estado en el que se encuentran los ríos y a analizar cómo su entorno lo está afectanndo. Algunas de las organizaciones que han participado son VIDA A.C, ERA A.C, CEDRO A.C, CCMSS A.C, DECOTUX A.C y SEMBRANDO SEMILLA SAGRADA A.C,.

2015-08-17 15.48.27

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